Age of Wonder Questionnaires
Age of Wonder Survey questionnaire PDFs available to download through the Born in Bradford website.
2022 - 2023
2023 - 2024
2024 - 2025
2025 - 2026
Statistical Analysis
All projects utilising the Age of Wonder data are encouraged to follow Open Science principles, including pre-registration and code sharing. For more information on Open Science principles, please visit the SPORE webpage on Open Science: openscienceready.org.
Analysis plans and code can be found on the open science framework:
OSF AoW webpage.
There are server open source statistical analysis software available, capable of conducting advanced quantitative analyses. Some of these software and additional packages are listed below.
RStudio: an integrated development environment built to improve productivity with R and Python.
Tidyverse: a collection of R packages designed for data science.
JASP: an open-source statistics program.
Python: a general-purpose programming language.
Key references and resources
See
What is Measured for additional information.
Born in Bradford documents
Age of Wonder: Protocol for Qualitative Longitudinal Research
- Dogra, S. A., Lightfoot, K., Kerr, R., Hall, J., Joseph, O., Siddig, N., ... & Wright, J. (2023). Born in Bradford Age of Wonder cohort: A protocol for qualitative longitudinal research. Wellcome Open Research, 7, 270. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18096.3
Age of Wonder: Protocol for Adolescent Data Collection
- Shire, K. A., Newsham, A., Rahman, A., Mason, D., Ryan, D., Lawlor, D. A., ... & Wright, J. (2024). Born in Bradford’s Age of Wonder cohort: protocol for adolescent data collection. Wellcome Open Research, 9, 32. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20785.1
Age of Wonder: Co-production Inquiry
- Ryan, D., Nutting, H., Parekh, C., Crookes, S., Southgate, L., Caines, K., ... & McEachan, R. R. (2024). Ready, set, co (produce): a co-operative inquiry into co-producing research to explore adolescent health and wellbeing in the Born in Bradford Age of Wonder project. Research Involvement and Engagement, 10(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-024-00578-y
Age of Wonder: Conducting Longitudinal Cohort Research in Secondary Schools
- A Shire, K., Newsham, A., Rahman, A., Mason, D., Ryan, D., A Lawlor, D., ... & Wright, J. (2025). Conducting longitudinal cohort research in secondary schools: Insights from the Born in Bradford Age of Wonder study. Wellcome Open Research, 10, 27-27. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23534.1
Depression and Anxiety
RCADS
- Ebesutani, C., Reise, S. P., Chorpita, B. F., Ale, C., Regan, J., Young, J., ... & Weisz, J. R. (2012). The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Short Version: scale reduction via exploratory bifactor modeling of the broad anxiety factor. Psychological Assessment, 24(4), 833. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027283
Emotional and Behavioural Problems
SDQ
- Goodman, R. (1999). The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a guide to child psychiatric caseness and consequent burden. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40(5), 791-799. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00494
SDQ Subscales
- Goodman, A., Lamping, D. L., & Ploubidis, G. B. (2010). When to use broader internalising and externalising subscales instead of the hypothesised five subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): data from British parents, teachers and children. Journal Of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(8), 1179-1191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9434-x
Psychometric properties of SDQ in children
- Stochl, J., Prady, S. L., Andrews, E., Pickett, K., & Croudace, T. J. (2016). The psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a multi-ethnic sample of young children. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Kinanthropologica [AUC Kinanthropologica], 15-37. https://doi.org/10.14712/23366052.2016.2
Wellbeing
SWEMWEBS
- Stewart-Brown, S., Tennant, A., Tennant, R., Platt, S., Parkinson, J., & Weich, S. (2009). Internal construct validity of the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): a Rasch analysis using data from the Scottish health education population survey. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 7(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-7-15
WEMWEBS
- Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., ... & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007). The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation. Health and Quality of life Outcomes, 5(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-5-63
Eating Disorders
EDE-QS
- Gideon, N., Hawkes, N., Mond, J., Saunders, R., Tchanturia, K., & Serpell, L. (2016). Development and psychometric validation of the EDE-QS, a 12 item short form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). PloS One, 11(5), e0152744. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152744
EDE-Q
- Fairburn, C. G., & Beglin, S. J. (1994). Assessment of eating disorders: Interview or self‐report questionnaire? International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 16(4), 363-370.
Loneliness
UCLA-3
- Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2004). A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys: Results from two population-based studies. Research on Aging, 26(6), 655-672. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027504268574
UCLA-4
- Matthews, T., Danese, A., Wertz, J., Odgers, C. L., Ambler, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Arseneault, L. (2016). Social isolation, loneliness and depression in young adulthood: a behavioural genetic analysis. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(3), 339-348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1178-7
- ONS Guidance for Measuring Loneliness
Resilience
BRS
- Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705500802222972
Psychosis
PLIKS-8
- Horwood, J., Salvi, G., Thomas, K., Duffy, L., Gunnell, D., Hollis, C., ... & Harrison, G. (2008). IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 193(3), 185-191. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051904
Help-seeking
GHSQ
- Wilson, C. J., Deane, F. P., Ciarrochi, J., & Rickwood, D. (2005). Measuring help-seeking intentions: properties of the general help seeking questionnaire. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 39(1), 15-28.
Perceived Social Support
MSPSS
- Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
Sedentary Behaviour
Youth Activity Profile – Sedentary Behaviour subscale
- Saint-Maurice, P. F., & Welk, G. J. (2014). Web-based assessments of physical activity in youth: considerations for design and scale calibration. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16(12), e269. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3626
Youth Activity Profile – Validity and Calibration
- Saint-Maurice, P. F., & Welk, G. J. (2015). Validity and calibration of the youth activity profile. PloS One, 10(12), e0143949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143949
Youth Activity Profile – Online Resource
Physical Activity
PAQ-A
- Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R., & Donen, R. M. (2004). The physical activity questionnaire for older children (PAQ-C) and adolescents (PAQ-A) manual. College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87(1), 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1037/t05406-000
Discrimination
Adolescent Discrimination Distress Index
- Fisher, C. B., Wallace, S. A., & Fenton, R. E. (2000). Discrimination distress during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29(6), 679-695. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026455906512
Family Affluence
FAS
- Boyce, W., Torsheim, T., Currie, C., & Zambon, A. (2006). The family affluence scale as a measure of national wealth: validation of an adolescent self-report measure. Social Indicators Research, 78(3), 473-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-005-1607-6
Attitudes Towards Technology
PATT
- Ardies, J., De Maeyer, S., & Gijbels, D. (2013). Reconstructing the Pupils Attitude Towards Technology-survey. Design and Technology Education, 18(1), 8-19.
Social Striving
Social Striving Against Perceived Inferiority Scale
- Gilbert, P., Broomhead, C., Irons, C., McEwan, K., Bellew, R., Mills, A., ... & Knibb, R. (2007). Development of a striving to avoid inferiority scale. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(3), 633-648. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466606X157789

